Iimfuno zoLondolozo lwePetrochemicalIshishini le-petrochemical lisebenza phantsi kweemeko ezinzima, apho imibhobho, izitshintshi zobushushu, ii-reactor, kunye neetanki zokugcina zihlala zichatshazelwa zizinto ezinobungozi. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ezi nkqubo ziqokelela udaka lweoyile enzima, iidipozithi ze-coke, i-chemical scaling, kunye nokungcola kweeminerali. Ukuba azinyangwa, ezi dipozithi zinciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kokudluliselwa kobushushu, zithintela ukusabela kweekhemikhali, kwaye zibeka emngciphekweni ukhuseleko lwezityalo.

Iinkqubo zokuhlamba iiPetrochemical ze-XPZzenzelwe ukujongana nale mingeni inzima yemizi-mveliso. Ukuphucula ukusebenza kokucoca ngelixa uphucula iiparameter eziphambili zenkqubo kubalulekile ekwandiseni ubomi bezinto, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kunye nokugcina iindawo zokusebenza zikhuselekile.

Uzuko-F2

1. IiMetriki zoVavanyo zoKusebenza koCoca

Ukuvavanya ukusebenza kakuhle komjikelo wokucoca kwimizi-mveliso,I-XPZigxile kwiintsika ezintathu eziphambili ezinokubalwa:

• Ukusebenza kakuhle kokucoca:Ukucocwa kwe-petrochemical yanamhlanje kuxhomekeke ekuthuthweni kwamanzi ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu, izinyibilikisi zeekhemikhali ezijoliswe kuzo, okanye indlela edibeneyo ehambelanayo. Ngelixa ii-hydro-jets ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu zikhupha ngoomatshini isikali esiqinileyo kwiindonga zangaphakathi zeetyhubhu, izinyibilikisi zeekhemikhali ziqhekeza iipolymers eziqinileyo zendalo kunye ne-coke deposits. Ukudibanisa ezi zigaba zimbini kuvelisa amaxesha okutshintsha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nokucoca ngendlela enye.

• Ukucoca okufanayo:Iziseko zePetrochemical zintsonkothile kakhulu, zinemibhobho egobileyo entsonkothileyo, ii-manifolds, kunye neekona ezingaboniyo. Ukususa iindawo ezifileyo, izixhobo ze-XPZ zisebenzisa ii-nozzles ezikhethekileyo ezijikelezayo ze-multi-axis, iipompo zokuhambisa ii-frequency eziguquguqukayo, kunye ne-multi-point injection arrays. Idatha yasentsimini ibonisa ukuba itekhnoloji ye-rotary jetting edibeneyo inciphisa amazinga e-residue angaphakathi ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-5% kwiibhanti ze-heat exchanger.

• Ulawulo lokuNgcoliseka okuSalelayo:Ukunciphisa intsalela emva kokuhlamba luphawu olubalulekileyo lomgangatho. Iinxalenye ezishiyekileyo kakhulu zinokubangela ungcoliseko lwesibini okanye ukuvaleka okungalindelekanga emva kokuqalisa kwakhona kwenkqubo. Ngokulungisa ubude bexesha lokuhlamba, isantya solwelo, kunye nomlinganiselo wemidiya, abaqhubi banokulawula ngokungqongqo imida eshiyekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo nokwexesha elide kwezixhobo.

2. Impembelelo yeeParameters zeNkqubo ePhambili

Ukufezekisa ucoceko olufanelekileyo kufuna ukulinganisela izinto ezahlukeneyo zomzimba nezekhemikhali ezidityanisiweyo:

• Uxinzelelo lweNkqubo:Uxinzelelo lwe-hydraulic luyimbangela ephambili yokususwa kwe-mechanical scaling. Uxinzelelo olunganelanga alukwazi ukunqumla iidiphozithi zekristale ezinzima kwi-substrates zesinyithi, nto leyo ebangela ukuba zingahlanjwa ngokupheleleyo. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo luchitha amandla kwaye lusongela ukuqina kwesakhiwo sezinto zangaphakathi ezibuthathaka, ezifana neetyhubhu zokutshintsha ubushushu ezinodonga oluncinci.

• Ulawulo lobushushu (Ubushushu):Ubushushu buchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo i-kinetics yokunyibilika kweekhemikhali. Ubushushu obuphezulu bunciphisa i-viscosity yee-crudes ezinzima kwaye bukhawulezisa ukuqhekeka kwee-hydrocarbon chains ezintsonkothileyo, bunciphisa amaxesha omjikelo. Nangona kunjalo, ubushushu obugqithisileyo buyandisa amazinga okuphuma kweekhemikhali kwaye bukhawulezise ukubola kwe-substrate.

• Ubude bexesha lomjikelo kunye nesantya sokuhamba komjikelo:Ixesha lokucoca kufuneka libalwe ngokuchanekileyo; imijikelo efinyeziweyo ishiya izinto ezingcolisayo ngasemva, ngelixa imijikelo egqithisileyo ibangela ukuguguleka okungeyomfuneko kwezixhobo kunye nenkunkuma yezinto ezisetyenziswayo. Izinga lokuhamba komthamo lilawula uxinzelelo lokucheba komphezulu kunye nokujikeleza kolwelo ngaphakathi kwinqanawa. Ukusebenzisa imijikelo yokujikeleza evaliweyo eqhubekayo kuqinisekisa ukunxibelelana rhoqo kwemidiya nayo yonke imiphezulu yangaphakathi.

• Uxinzelelo lweeKhemikhali:Uxinzelelo lwesinyibilikisi kufuneka lulungelelaniswe nolwakhiwo oluthile lwe-foulant. Uxinzelelo oluphantsi luyandisa ukusebenza kunye nokusebenza okuphantsi, ngelixa umxube otyebileyo kakhulu wonakalisa isinyithi sezixhobo kwaye wonyusa iindleko zokulahla inkunkuma enobungozi.

3. Iindlela zoLungiso lweeParamitha zeNkqubo

I-XPZ inceda amaziko emizi-mveliso ekutshintsheni ukusuka kumsebenzi wokuqikelela osekelwe kwimibono ukuya kwiinkqubo zokucoca eziqhutywa yidatha ngokusebenzisa iindlela zokuphucula eziphambili:

• Uyilo lweeMvavanyo (DoE):Besebenzisa ii-orthogonal arrays kunye nendlela yokuphendula umphezulu (RSM), iinjineli zidwelisa ngokucwangcisiweyo unxibelelwano phakathi koxinzelelo, ubushushu, ubude bexesha, isantya sokuhamba, kunye namandla eekhemikhali. Le ndlela yezibalo ichonga ifestile yokusebenza efanelekileyo kwiiprofayili ezithile zediphozithi, inciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo.

• Ukubeka esweni ngexesha langempela kunye nokuzenzekelayo okukrelekrele:Ukudibanisa ii-flow meter, ii-digital pressure transducers, kunye nee-inline analytical sensors zivumela ukulandelela okuqhubekayo kokucaca kwamanzi amdaka. Ii-loops zolawulo ezizenzekelayo zilungisa ngokuguquguqukayo isantya sepompo okanye i-chemical dosing ngokusekelwe kwimpendulo ephilayo, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko oluphezulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.

• Ulandelelwano lweMishini-lweeKhemikhali oluCwangcisiweyo:Ukuphucula ulandelelwano lokucubungula kuphucula kakhulu iziphumo. Umzekelo, ukwenza i-water flush yokuqala enoxinzelelo oluphezulu kuqala kususa inkunkuma enkulu nekhululekileyo. Oku kugcina umsebenzi weekhemikhali wesigaba esilandelayo se-solvent, okuvumela ukuba usebenze kuphela kwiziseko eziqinileyo nezinamatheleyo.

IsipheloIinkqubo zokuhlamba iiPetrochemical ze-XPZ zibonelela ngomgca obalulekileyo wokuzikhusela kwilahleko yemveliso ebangelwa kukungcoliswa. Ngokuphucula ngokwesayensi uxinzelelo, ubushushu, amandla okuhamba, kunye noxinzelelo lweekhemikhali, izityalo ezicutshungulwayo zinokufikelela kumjikelo wolondolozo oluqikelelweyo, olukhuselekileyo, nolunobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo. Njengoko iinkqubo zokubeka esweni ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nolawulo lokuqikelela zikhula, i-XPZ ihlala izibophelele ekunikezeni izisombululo zokucoca ezikrelekrele kwimizi-mveliso ezixhasa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo nokusebenzayo kwecandelo lamandla lehlabathi.